. Up until the end of the 1800s, most American college presidents taught a course on moral philosophy to graduating students. Senator who resigned his seat shortly before South Carolina seceded. Fussell has written of the tutors in this special diction of heroism, manhood and sacrifice in pre-World War I Britain the poems of Tennyson, the romances of Rider Haggard, the boys books of George Alfred Henty, where the soldier is a warrior, the enemy is the foe, to die is to perish, and the soldiers are the brave. For a whole generation of men, these stories were to prove a betrayal. Citizenship and military service have been very closely tied in our history. This Republic of Suffering (2008) was a critically acclaimed exploration of how the United States' understanding of death was shaped by the high losses during the Civil War. FAUST: Well, he was a person for whom education was so important. And Civil War monuments everywhere: Cedar Creek, the many battles of Winchester. It also yielded an idea for another book, a biography of James Henry Hammond, who was a governor of South Carolina in the 1840s, and later a U.S. . War is not random, shapeless violence. She also suggested a bold interpretation of why the Confederacy lost the war. After World War II, the country witnessed the establishment of a new partnership between Washington and the nations institutions of higher learning, with the federal government investing in universities as the primary locus for the nations scientific research. She retains her title as a professor of history at Harvard. However, I. Within her first six months in office, Faust filled several open deanships and appointed other top administration officials. When you were nine, you wrote a letter to the president of the United States, Dwight David Eisenhower. It is important to take joy in the variety of things that go on at a university. After attending Bryn Mawr College -- a seven sister school and one of the few remaining women's colleges in the country -- she earned a Ph.D. in American Civilization and became a professor at the University of Pennsylvania. I wrote a senior thesis on American foreign policy, which I was very interested in, it being the Vietnam era. LEACH: With our involvement in Iraq and Afghanistan today, we seem to be learning again that sometimes its harder to end a war than to start one. Western historiography was born somewhat later, but it too emerged as a chronicle of war in the hands of Herodotus and Thucydides in the fifth century BCE. I feel very strongly about the importance of inclusiveness in the military. [2] She was Harvard's first president since 1672 without an undergraduate or graduate degree from Harvard and the first to have been raised in the South. An increasing interest in the lives of ordinary Americans during the years of conflict has included a great deal of research and writing about what happened beyond the battlefield, on the homefront, in communities and families North and South. [24] In early 2009, the Harvard Corporation approved salary freezes for the president, deans, senior officers, management staff, and faculty, and offered an early retirement program. Rather than ungraspable odd defenders of the twin evils of slavery and white supremacy alone, the myriad writers who fashioned an elaborate justification of slavery in the antebellum era were believers in an organically conservative, hierarchical worldview, manipulating the Bible, but also a theory of history and human nature to defend racial slavery as a vision of social order. "Nightly Business Report" with Susie Gharib, wp.nbr.com. Friday, March 3, through Sunday, March 12. In an assessment of the condition of higher education in the Anglo-American world, Multiversities, Ideas, and Democracy, George Fallis, a former dean at York University in Toronto, deplores the growing dominance of economic justifications for universities. That challenge is essential to their power and attraction. Drew Gilpin Faust is the President of Harvard University. War is nasty; war is fun, OBrien has written. In her forum address, Angela Duckworth argued that to flourish, we must reconcile the apparent paradox that we are both controlled by our circumstances and able to control our circumstances. 2023 The President and Fellows of Harvard College. In his famous speech, The Soldiers Faith, the Civil War veteran and Supreme Court Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr., confidently announced in 1895: It is our business to fight, the book of the army is a war-song, not a hospital-sketch. Not so, argued Faust: Before singing a war song, we might first listen to a Union surgeons description of the fields at Antietam a week after the battle: The dead were almost wholly unburied . This was the norm when we were growing up. Journalist Chris Hedges, in a recent best-selling book aptly entitled War Is a Force That Gives Us Meaning, has described war as a narcotic, a lethal addiction, a drug which he himself ingested for his many years as a war correspondent. Who was Hammond and what was his role in the South in the years leading up to and during the Civil War? She revealed in stunning detail how these women struggled against their fate, not as proto-feminists, but as women undergoing transformations for which they were psychologically unprepared. War stories matter. overrideCardHideDescription=false And how they create the structures of meaning and understanding that serve as the lens through which they view what is around them and the events that confront them. In doing so, you see that you have created a set of lenses for yourself or you have appropriated a set of lenses for yourself. Drew Gilpin Faust [1]In 2007 American scholar Drew Gilpin Faust [2] (born 1947) . Faust generated what might be considered the . FAUST: Youre very kind and very generous. The first masterwork of Western literature, dating to approximately 750 BCE, was the Iliad, a tale that exerts a wrenching power more than two millennia after its origin. overrideTextAlignment= But today, for all its importance to individual and social prosperity, higher education threatens to become less broadly available. One of the most forceful of wars attractions to its chroniclers is the very impossibility of their task. But humans are unique in their creation of an institution of war that is designed to organize violence, define its purposes, declare its onset, ratify its conclusion and establish its rules. In Tuesdays forum, Rabbi Dr. Ari Berman, president of Yeshiva University, described religious education as a potential antidote to Americas pervasive consumerism. in history magna cum laude from Bryn Mawr College in 1968. She graduated from Concord (Massachusetts) Academy in 1964 and received a B.A. The federal governments intervention was seen as very threatening to that sense of local control. And thats what sent me off into this set of inquiries. Harvard President Drew Faust urged the Harvard medical community to take the long view of Harvard's future in moving ahead. Reason and responsibility. FAUST: Stamina, curiosity about a wide range of intellectual fields and about a wide range of people. Harvard has not just survived these challenges, but has helped to confront them. But instead of a sweet story, Owens poem chronicled blood . She succeeded Lawrence H. Summers, who resigned in the wake of controversy over remarks that attributed womens lack of visibility in the sciences to intrinsic sex differences. According to Wikipedia, Catharine Drew Gilpin Faust is an American historian and was the 28th president of Harvard University, the first woman to serve in that role. This is a book about writing, and about war, and about their interdependence. In 1984 she became a full professor; she subsequently held endowed professorships, chaired the department of American civilization, and directed the womens studies program. Drew Faust. For Drew Gilpin Faust, the president of Harvard, you can trace the roots of her life as a leader back to her childhood in rural Virginia. And we must do still more. I juxtapose Widener Library and Memorial Church today because we need the qualities that both represent, because I believe that reason and knowledge must be inflected with values, and that those of us who are privileged to be part of this community of learning bear consequent responsibilities. Nor, American society has come to believe since 1962, can rights be denied because of gender. [32], Faust was diagnosed with breast cancer in 1988 and treated that year. They conflict, he argues, with other parts of the multiversitys mission, with . While most academic historians avoid biography, Faust found in Hammond a combination of monstrous appetite and singular expressiveness, a first-rate character and a lesser human being. Specifically, she is interested in how the slaveholding class responded when their men went off to war and their women were left to run the home front. Still we are lured by war and still we tell the stories that both shape and distort our understanding of it. Moreover, many students around the world simply cannot access universities. Gilpin grew up in Virginia's Shenandoah Valley, where her parents raised Thoroughbred horses. But this was a carnival without carnage, a battle stripped of content and context. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. And then in the cemetery where now my parents are buried, but at that time it was my grandfather and others, next to the marked gravestones and my family plot at this beautiful little setting called the Old Chapel, there were many moss-covered stone grave-markers that said, Unidentified Confederate. They were the dead of skirmishes that had taken place in that much fought-over area. . The inherent magnitude of a war story is, of course, that it is about life and death, about the quintessential moment of truth when the ultimate is at stake. And so with the articulation of these principles of separation and inequality as a defensive response to the emerging civil rights revolution, I was struck, even as a young child, by their inconsistency with the values I had learned at church, as I made reference to in my piece about my letter to Eisenhower, and in school as we learned about democracy and America, those political values that had been transmitted to me by the time I was nine years old. Greetings alumni, graduates, families, and friends. '02,will join the University as senior adviser to the president on engagement with Historically Black . In This Republic Of Suffering, historian Drew Gilpin Faust reveals that the rate of death during the American Civil war was six times that of World War II a fact which created a shared. In. . We might even say that the humanities began with war and from war and have remained entwined with it ever since. LEACH: The two actsone related to the infrastructure of ideas, the other to the infrastructure for transportationwere signed a day apart. It is such a pleasure to see you all here and offer congratulations on this day of celebration. FAUST: I loved writing that biography of Hammond because he wrote down everything he did. Yet this commitment to reason and truthto their pursuit and preeminenceseems increasingly a minority viewpoint. And it seemed to me that one way of responding, a way that added a perspective from the new kind of history that was being done of actors who hadnt been included before, was to suggest that indeed their agency included having an impact on this most fundamental of Civil War questions. Event Date June 13, 2019 Notes Scholars and readers alike rightly tend to value most those historians who, like Faust, can make us think anew, and embed their research-based judgments in good narrative, as they also suggest the pasts inherent place in our present. [11] Following formal approval by the university's governing boards, her appointment was made official three days later. We simply know a great deal more about the experience of black Americans in a variety of critical roles in the war as soldiers nearly 200,000 strong fighting for Union victory, as contrabands forcing the issue of freedom onto the northern agenda, as slave laborers refusing to continue the status quo on farms and plantations across the South. Part of this is the result of the extensive work historians have undertaken since the 1960s. We have a very special obligation in a very difficult time. What is happening to the world? Widener and Memorial Church. It beggars all description. A Wisconsin nurse, aiding the wounded in Tennessee, wrote home of the mental and physical suffering around her: There are times when the meaning of words seem to fade away; so entirely does our language fail to express the reality. In its assault on language, war once again challenges our very identity and essence, for it is words that help to define us as distinctively human. And theres an oft-cited assumption that education may be the civil rights issue of this century. For Americans, it was and is a special war with special meanings. [25], Faust championed organic lawn management of the campus grounds and Harvard Yard during her tenure, including adopting the practices at Elmwood, the presidents house on Brattle Street. Confederates became valiant opponents rather than traitors, their cause not slavery but states rights, their loss not a failure but an exhaustion of resources that left them the proud, if defeated, underdogs. The many collections of soldiers letters I have read in archives North and South reflect this struggle between the impossibility and necessity of communicating wars truths. The search for understanding compels language even as it rejects it. Universities do not just store facts; they teach us how to evaluate, test, challenge, and refine them. It is indeed striking how often the language of altitude is used by those describing the allure of war: it will lift, elevate, raise us towards the transcendent, and link us to the sublime, a word often repeated in nineteenth century paeans to war. She supervised a major campus expansion in nearby Boston, assessment and expansion of the role of the arts in the university, and continuation of work on a substantial revision of the undergraduate curriculum. Yet even as they described the impossibility of their task and the ineffability of war, each of these witnesses to war set about to write, to use language where none could be found, to employ words to decry those words very inadequacy. In 2001, Faust was appointed the first dean of the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, which was established after the merger of Radcliffe College with Harvard University. Tragedy, Aristotle wrote, is complete, whole, and of a certain magnitude the very stuff Hemingway had found in his experience of war. . There were a lot of very powerful, influential historians who were studying the South, and that was intriguing. So, he was an individual who had great respect for learning. We can see these values clearly in the choices and passions of our faculty and students: in the motto of Harvard Business School, which you heard earlier this morning uttered by the dean, the commitment to make a difference in the world. Most of the University would readily embrace this sentiment. We entered a new world of disillusion that would yield the dark sensibility of Joseph Hellers Catch-22 at the heart of the late twentieth centurys approach to war. [18] Faust has worked to further internationalize the university. That was a significant driver in this decision as well. The Battle of Antietam, fought on September 17, 1862, had been of even greater significance in the war than either first or second Bull Run. In a world divided by difference, we at Harvard strive to be united by it. The powers of the centralized nation-state achieved by the war are now questioned and challenged, seen as the betrayal rather than the fulfillment of the Founders vision. These battlefield tourists earned the scorn and resentment of the wounded and of those struggling to provide aid amidst the desolation. Humility. overridebuttonBgColor= At Harvard, the confidential nature of the process includes a panel that consists of outside experts and internal faculty members from outside the department. The world economic crisis and the election of Barack Obama will change the future of higher education. As one Southern woman wrote in 1864 (she was one of the 500 Confederate women whose lives Faust examined), Am I willing to give my husband to gain Atlanta for the Confederacy? . Drew Gilpin Faust: Thank you, Percy. The Transcontinental Railroad is another example. In war you lose your sense of the definite, hence your sense of truth itself, and therefore its safe to say that in a true war story nothing is ever absolutely true. Part of the interdependence of war and literature rests in this tension of their ultimate incompatibility, the irreducible reality that despite all human striving to impose order and meaning, war remains terrible and incomprehensible. Throughout history, we can find representations of wars powerful allure in the discourse that precedes and pervades almost every conflict. But an essential aspect of its interest and appeal not just to those reenactors but, in fact, to all of us is simply that it was war. A well-known scholar of the antebellum South and the Civil War era and, since 2007, president of Harvard University, Faust had two histories in mind. LEACH: One final Civil War question. Drew Gilpin Faust - The ability to recognize opportunities. The United States has pioneered a new postwar era of mass college attendance that has become global in reach. Old, indeed: The words are taken from an ode by Horace and were 2,000 years later inscribed on the wall of the chapel at Sandhurst for aspiring young soldiers soon to be headed for the trenches of France. Dr. Gabriel will deliver the devotional address on Tuesday, April 6 at 11:05 a.m. His remarks will be broadcast live on BYUtv, BYUtv.org (and archived for on-demand streaming), KBYU-TV 11, Classical 89 FM, BYUradio 107.9 FM and SiriusXM 143. His opening sentence thus united the two documents as foundational to the meaning of the war and to Kings definition of America. She also added, "I'm not the woman president of Harvard, I'm the president of Harvard."[3]. The public record similarly documented that history in politics, business, the military, and other influential spheres built around record-keeping institutions. They began to question the sacrifices they had made. And then, after college, I was uncertain what I wanted to do and worked for a couple of years for the Department of Housing and Urban Development. Drew Faust Director Since: July 2018 Goldman Sachs Committees: Compensation, Governance, Public Responsibilities Other Current U.S.-Listed Public Company Directorships: None Other U.S.-Listed Public Company Directorships within past 5 years: Staples, Inc. Key Experience and Qualifications "We have to be accountable to the long-term future in how we approach the use of any of the resources.". Climate change poses a call to Christian action, said climate scientist Katharine Hayhoe in Tuesdays forum on campus. On a hot Saturday in September 1962, I crowded with my brothers and cousins into my aunt and uncles station wagon and drove off to war. In my book about James Henry Hammond, I used his records of slaves and their births and deaths, records that he kept essentially for economic reasons, to map out family ties and to see how long-lived families were and how childrens names were chosen. Human beings need meaning, understanding and perspective as well as jobs. The cemetery, where Fausts grandfather was laid to rest, bore numerous headstones that said only, Unidentified Confederate., The other history was Fausts own era, the second half of the twentieth century, as it was beginning to unfold around her. Drew Gilpin Faust President, Harvard "Women in Leadership: Drew Gilpin Faust". Such an incendiary interpretation, directly contradicting both Lost Cause myths about womens devotion to the Confederacy as well as military historians strategic interpretations, elicited much criticism at the time and since. And much is at stake, for us and for the world. Governor Rick Perry of Texas has hinted at secession as a possible response to growing anger at the federal government; a half-dozen states have threatened to nullify the recent federal health care law. LEACH: And yet records, especially those people create for themselves, are especially important to your work, even though, as you have noted, a historian must keep in mind that when people write of their times and themselves they can be misled or misleading. Military deaths alone were staggering: The number of soldiers who died between 1861 and 1865, an estimated 620,000, is approximately equal to the total American fatalities in the Revolution, the War of 1812, the Mexican War, the Spanish-American War, World War I, World War II, and the Korean War combined. To bury and to memorialize, and to go on living, even after the passing of more than two percent of American society, all this required, Faust shows, a new set of norms, a sobered worldview, a familiarity with death that seems unthinkable today. [Ms. Faust, the new president of Harvard, is a Civil War historian by training.] . Summary Of Seven Days Battle By Shelby Foote . Novelist William Gilmore Simms, politician James Henry Hammond, agricultural reformer Edmund Ruffin, The manuscript he produces is one of fragments, of images but not of coherence. [12] Faust was the first woman to serve as president of Harvard University.[13]. Fausts research into how the South viewed and justified slavery led her to other stories of the era, including those of Confederate women, generally thought of as being among the staunchest supporters of the Confederate cause. Change, the message is, lies at the heart of what education does, how it empowers us and what it demands of us. But we had a better idea of what to expect. Faust soon established herself as a historians historiana scholar who logs endless hours in archives, and asks new and provocative questions that yield fresh and surprising insights, all captured in clear, sometimes even lyrical prose. How can I picture it all? Homer demanded in the Iliad. Understand what it is that is so significant to them and then try to use that understanding to bring them to you and to what you see as the most important agenda for the university. That army was not simply destroyed through death and disease, but also through all those men who seemed to disappear back into the hillsides. We have been telling and hearing and reading war stories for millennia. As president of Harvard from 2007 to 2018, Faust expanded financial aid to improve access to Harvard College for students of all economic backgrounds and advocated for increased federal funding for scientific research. If 620,000 Americans diedand that was the equivalent of 2 percent of the population or six million Americans todayno wonder they were so preoccupied with death. First was the history of the Civil War. I would say also that what I just described as enormous variety and range also means that you have many, many constituencies. At the outbreak of the Crimean War, for example, Tennyson enthusiastically anticipated the sudden making of splendid names and the heart of a people that would beat with one desire. Herbert Asquiths World War I poem The Volunteer depicted a clerk who half his life had spent/ Toiling at ledgers in a city grey, who was now invited to join the men of Agincourt. The American Civil War, fought in the years between Balaclava and the Western Front, generated similar sentiments and declarations. Do you find it remarkable that in the middle of our most horrific war he made a stand for expanding access higher education? Related Speeches. [1][7] Her paternal great-grandfather, Lawrence Tyson, was a U.S. senator from Tennessee during the 1920s. Putting issues of race and inequality front and center in the American present meant putting them front and center in the American past as well. It is well that war is so terrible, Lee observed, else we should grow too fond of it. Lees ambivalence, his complexity, his capacity for irony are in one sense surprising here, for he has been extolled and is best remembered as the wars romantic hero, a man of decisiveness and little doubt. No, No, No, a thousand times No!, The life and work of Faust can seem paradoxical in certain lights. [5], Drew Gilpin was born in New York City[6] and raised in Clarke County, Virginia, in the Shenandoah Valley. Harvard University President Drew Gilpin Faust will step down next June, capping what will be an 11-year tenure at one of the most prestigious universities in the world.. Ms. Faust is the first . [20] Romer was later nominated by President Barack Obama to chair the Council of Economic Advisers. Woman to serve as president of Harvard University. [ 13 ] refine! 1 ] in 2007 American scholar drew Gilpin Faust [ 1 ] [ 7 ] her paternal,. That education may be some discrepancies a sweet story, Owens poem chronicled blood survived these challenges but. Of celebration has pioneered a new postwar era of mass college attendance that has global. Grew up in Virginia & # x27 ; s Shenandoah Valley, where her parents raised horses... They began to question the sacrifices they had made, generated similar sentiments and.! Years between Balaclava and the election of Barack Obama will change the future of higher education threatens to become broadly... By it generation of men, these stories were to prove a betrayal Carolina.. Around the world economic crisis and the Western Front, generated similar sentiments and.! Born 1947 ) from war and still we are lured by war and have remained with. 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[ 20 ] Romer was later nominated by president Barack Obama to chair Council. This commitment to reason and truthto their pursuit and preeminenceseems increasingly a minority viewpoint us and for the.. Broadly available greetings alumni, graduates, families, and about their interdependence horrific war he made stand! To follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies resigned seat! Effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be the Civil war historian by training ]. Grow too fond of it in Tuesdays forum on campus with it ever since also that what i just as. Historians have undertaken since the 1960s on this day of celebration us and for the world economic crisis and election! Stories for millennia power and attraction stories were to prove a betrayal to be United by it on... At stake, for us and for the world economic crisis and the Western Front, generated similar and! 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